Revolutionary changes in artificial intelligence law – Poland and the EU introduce new regulations

Work on artificial intelligence (AI) regulation in Poland and at the European Union level has accelerated significantly in recent months. Within the European Union, particular attention is being paid to the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act), which is intended to regulate the introduction, use and monitoring of AI systems.

The aim of these regulations is to ensure a high level of protection of fundamental rights and to increase transparency and accountability in the use of advanced technologies.

AI Act – new EU legislation on artificial intelligence

AI Act, provides for the classification of AI systems according to the risks they pose to users and society. The new law introduces high-, medium- and low-risk categories, with an emphasis on high-risk systems that will be subject to strict compliance requirements. Among other things, the legislation aims to regulate the use of AI in areas such as:

• health,
• education,
• employment,
• justice.

The new regulations aim to introduce oversight mechanisms and sanctions in the event of violations.

Poland’s regulations in the area of artificial intelligence

In Poland, the Ministry of Digitalisation is working to align national regulations with the new EU regulation, while introducing national initiatives to support the development of AI technology. The Polish authorities have announced the creation of the National Programme for the Development of Artificial Intelligence, which will complement EU regulations. This programme aims to support innovative AI projects in the public and private sectors and to provide a legal and ethical framework for the development of this technology in the country.

The Artificial Intelligence Systems Bill aims to implement the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council, which establishes harmonised rules on AI. The bill provides for the establishment of the Commission for the Development and Security of Artificial Intelligence, responsible for overseeing the market for AI systems.

The draft introduces notification procedures, conformity assessment of systems and the possibility of financial penalties for infringements. The legislation also addresses the protection of citizens’ rights in the context of high-risk systems.

Why are these changes important?

Both Poland and the European Union are taking intensive steps to regulate the area of artificial intelligence. The AI Act, which will soon enter into force, will be a key element of these regulations, providing a clear legal framework and accountability for the use of AI. 

As part of the EU effort, Poland is introducing additional national initiatives to support the development of innovative projects and to ensure ethical and legal standards are met.

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